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What is Rennet?

by

Leon van der Westhuizen

Rennet is used in the production of cheese as a milk curdling enzyme. It converts milk casein (protein) from a soluble to an insoluble material and during this process; the rennet separates the milk into solids (curds) and liquid (whey).

The different milk coagulation systems available is natural animal rennet rennet from GMO organisms, coagulating enzymes from plant origin and coagulating enzymes from non-GMO microbial origin.

Animal rennet is the best, but a lot of people prefer not to use it, because of religious views. The closest product is rennet from GMO origin, since chemically it is just like rennet of natural, animal origin, but here we also have a protesting fraction of people, because they believe this type of product will harm them in some way. They thus do not perceive this as natural .

Plant coagulation enzymes are not used commercially, since they are very hard to standardize and usually have a lot of side reactions that can cause off-tastes and other problems in cheese.

Microbial rennet of non-GMO origin has vastly improved and now has very few side- reactions. This rennet is used in large amounts in the world, since it is classified as Halal, Kosher and vegetarian. Technically these are not rennet, but milk coagulating enzyme. Different organisms are used to produce non-GMO microbial rennet.

Microbial rennet is a food grade enzyme system produced by the controlled fermentation for non-genetically modified Rhizomucor miehei . It contains the specific protease activity that makes it effective as a milk clotting enzyme. The rennet have been specially treated to make the enzyme thermal labile sensitive to inactivation by heat at pasteurization temperatures. Rennet can be bought in tablets and as liquid or paste.

As the economical alternative to cloned/ calf rennet, microbial rennet liquid has the same uses, process conditions and clotting time.

When buying rennet, certain characteristics need to be taken into account. This will include activity of 1:50,000 MCU/ml, form which should be a dark brown liquid, solubility (miscible with water), odorless and a specific gravity of approximately 1.14g/ml.

Rennet requires the availability of calcium ions for activity. Calcium, added as calcium chloride should be in the range of 10 to 100 grams per 100 litres of milk for optimum performance. The effect of calcium chloride concentrates on the activity of various enzyme samples and is superior to animal rennet.

Enzyme use levels are generally dictated by processing conditions, milk composition and calcium chloride concentration. In a general a rate of one half that of regular strength calf rennet can be used, but laboratory or pilot scale tests should be run to optimize dose levels.

Effective working temperature range plays a big role in performance. Calf rennet has a much narrower range of optimum working than most of the new rennet systems.

Due to rennet s thermal labile nature, extra care should be taken when storing rennet; therefore it should be stored in sealed containers under refrigerated (4 C to 8 C) to minimize the loss of activity.

When using rennet to coagulate milk, always make sure to check the specification sheet of the product that you plan to use, to make sure that you are using it in the rifgt way to get the most out of that specific product.

Leon van der Westhuizen is the dairy rep for Prime Pharma in South Africa.

Article Source:

ArticleRich.com

By Adrianna Notton

The necessity of warehouse pallet racking becomes obvious when a business realizes how much room they can actually save not to mention the added safety it brings. Stacking goods on the warehouse floor and in tall piles can be a very dangerous practice. Using shelving systems makes the stacking process safer and much more accessible.

First impressions are that racking or shelving is a waste of space but the practicalities show this not to be true. Single groups of different items can be stacked individually on the shelving giving quick easy access. Stacking individual stacks of boxes on the floor with the additional room required for access uses a lot of costly square footage and also removes the possibility of stacking to any height.

When storing multiple boxes of one item type if access is required to individual items it is always necessary to keep one open pallet on the floor. This is very wasteful of space as the boxes are uneven and cannot be stacked in any way. With racking the full containers can go above and the open packages can be at ground level.

With shelving that is properly secured to the floor it is possible to stack heavy items high up. This is not always possible when stacking loose pallets one on top of the other as the weight causes the bottom boxes to sag and bow, breaking cartons and often their contents. This in turn causes the top boxes to lean and possibly even fall given time.

Even light pallets are hard to stack on top of each other. The boxes may not fill the wooden base leaving empty spaces at the edges where the next base needs to sit. Whatever the weight of the containers the goods at the bottom of the pile will be susceptible to damage with the weight of containers on top and fragile goods such as glass or pottery can not be stacked at all.

Racking gives much more freedom of access to the goods. This system allows pallets with three different content types to be stacked above each other allowing access to all three sets of products. Boxes can be open and uneven without any consequence to the other packaging. This could not be achieved with the containers stacked on the floor.

It is also much safer for staff and other people in the area if shelving is secured and used properly as each pallet is individually supported. When pallets sit on top of each other the chance of movement due to the weight compression is greatly increased. Any such movement could lead to a container falling damaging both its contents and anyone passing by at the time.

This clearly explains the necessity of warehouse pallet racking for practical, financial and safety reasons. It is both cost effective in accessibility and floor space making the most of the available square footage. Finally the chance to reduce the possibility of someone being badly injured by falling goods has to be a large consideration in any decision making process.

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Source:

isnare.com

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Distinct uses of plastic storage containers

by

Jaydon Harrison

When you don’t want to haul heavy wooden boxes around and cardboard boxes just aren’t strong enough, turn to plastic storage containers for your solution. There isn’t much that can’t be stored in these kinds of units and your options are only limited by your imagination. Here are some of the most common uses for plastic storage containers and maybe some of the not-so-common ones as well.

The nice thing is you won’t have to worry about the container breaking down over time or rotting. Once your personal items are stored in a plastic container they are safe. Plastic storage containers are available in any style and size you need. They can also be found in unique shapes and colors. This means that they can be used to store any of your personal belongings including clothes, photos, odds and ends, and anything else that you need stored.

These plastic storage boxes are perfect for the workroom. You can purchase extremely small containers that will hold your nails, screws, nuts and bolts to keep them all organized. You can purchase medium size boxes for your tools and containers to keep your materials in. It would only take an afternoon to sort out a workroom that is in chaos and turn it into an organized workspace using plastic storage containers. How many people need some help organizing their bedrooms? Anything from clothing to shoes can be kept in these storage boxes and there are even containers that are specially made to fit under a bed. When the bedroom clutter is getting to be too much of a problem, plastic storage containers are the perfect solution.

Small plastic containers can be used to store food to prevent small bugs from invading them and to keep food fresh. Once the lid is put on a plastic container the food will be provided with an airtight environment and will be preserved longer. If you’re like most people, you don’t even remember what you have stored in your garage. Getting plastic storage containers gives you a good excuse to go through the stuff that you have in there so that it can be sorted and organized thoroughly. The nice thing about using these containers is they are easy to stack. In a garage that houses the family car, there may not be a lot of room for storage but by stacking boxes you’ll be able to make the best use of the limited space.

When you don’t want to haul heavy wooden boxes around and cardboard boxes just aren’t strong enough, turn to plastic storage containers for your solution. There isn’t much that can’t be stored in these kinds of units and your options are only limited by your imagination. Here are some of the most common uses for plastic storage containers and maybe some of the not-so-common ones as well.

Article Source:

eArticlesOnline.com

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